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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

Hormonal contraception and HIV acquisition: reanalysis using marginal structural modeling.

Charles S Morrison¹, Pai-Lien Chen, Cynthia Kwok

¹Behavioral and Biomedical Research Division, Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. cmorrison@fhi.org

AIDS (London, England)

|July 1, 2010

Summary

Depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use is linked to higher HIV risk, particularly in young women. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) showed no increased risk in this reanalysis.

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

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Published on: July 6, 2014

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

Area of Science:

Reproductive Health
Infectious Diseases
Epidemiology

Background:

Hormonal contraceptives are widely used globally.
The association between hormonal contraceptive use and HIV acquisition is not fully understood.
Previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding this association.

Purpose of the Study:

To reanalyze data from the Hormonal Contraception and HIV Study.
To investigate the relationship between specific hormonal contraceptives and HIV acquisition.
To address potential biases in previous analyses.

Main Methods:

Utilized marginal structural modeling to account for time-dependent confounding.
Replicated the original study's analytical approach closely.
Analyzed data focusing on depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and combined oral contraceptives (COCs).

Main Results:

Depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use was associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition.
Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) were not associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition.
Younger women (18-24 years) using DMPA or COCs showed an elevated HIV risk compared to older women.

Conclusions:

DMPA use may increase HIV acquisition risk, especially in younger women.
COCs do not appear to increase HIV acquisition risk based on this analysis.
Further research is warranted to understand contraceptive-specific HIV risks.