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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube01:18

Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube

When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Microfluidic Device with Groove Patterns for Studying Cellular Behavior
13:50

A Microfluidic Device with Groove Patterns for Studying Cellular Behavior

Published on: August 30, 2007

Capillary driven low-cost V-groove microfluidic device with high sample transport efficiency.

Junfei Tian1, Dushmantha Kannangara, Xu Li

  • 1Australian Pulp and Paper institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, Vic. 3800, Australia. wei.shen@eng.monash.edu.au.

Lab on a Chip
|July 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces V-groove microfluidic channels for efficient, low-volume diagnostic devices. These capillary-driven channels ensure rapid liquid transport and minimal sample loss, enabling cost-effective diagnostics.

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A Microfluidic Platform for Precision Small-volume Sample Processing and Its Use to Size Separate Biological Particles with an Acoustic Microdevice
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Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets
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Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Microfluidic Device with Groove Patterns for Studying Cellular Behavior
13:50

A Microfluidic Device with Groove Patterns for Studying Cellular Behavior

Published on: August 30, 2007

A Microfluidic Platform for Precision Small-volume Sample Processing and Its Use to Size Separate Biological Particles with an Acoustic Microdevice
11:32

A Microfluidic Platform for Precision Small-volume Sample Processing and Its Use to Size Separate Biological Particles with an Acoustic Microdevice

Published on: November 23, 2015

Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets
08:20

Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets

Published on: February 22, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Diagnostic devices
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Capillary forces are crucial for driving fluid movement in microfluidic devices.
  • Low-volume, low-cost diagnostic tools require efficient sample delivery systems.
  • V-shaped, non-porous surface grooves offer a promising geometry for microfluidic channel design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate liquid sample delivery speed and efficiency in capillary-driven microfluidic channels.
  • To model and analyze liquid wicking in V-groove channels for sensor design.
  • To develop low-cost, low-volume diagnostic sensors using V-groove technology.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurement of liquid wicking in V-grooves.
  • Theoretical modeling of liquid wicking using the V-groove model (Rye et al.).
  • Fabrication of non-porous V-groove channels on polymer films.

Main Results:

  • Experimental data showed excellent agreement with theoretical V-groove model predictions.
  • Quantitative analysis of liquid wicking speed in V-grooves was performed.
  • Short liquid transport times (<500 ms) and reduced sample loss were achieved.
  • High sample delivery efficiency was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • V-groove microfluidic channels are effective for rapid and efficient sample transport.
  • Combining V-grooves with porous detection zones enables the creation of microfluidic diagnostic sensors.
  • These sensors facilitate semi-quantitative chemical and biochemical analysis with minimal sample volumes (<1000 nL).