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Microvascular endothelial-derived autacoids regulate pericyte contractility.

A B Dodge1, H B Hechtman, D Shepro

  • 1Department of Biology, Boston University, Massachusetts 02215.

Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Endothelial cells release factors that control pericyte contractions, influencing microvessel tone. Endothelin and thromboxane A2 are key mediators, while endothelial cell-pericyte interactions regulate microvessel contractility.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Cellular Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Pericytes are crucial cells in microvessel structure and function.
  • Endothelial cells play a significant role in regulating vascular tone.
  • Understanding cell-cell interactions is vital for vascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contractile properties of retinal pericytes in response to endothelial factors.
  • To identify specific factors mediating pericyte contraction and relaxation.
  • To explore the role of endothelial cell-pericyte interactions in microvessel contractility.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a silicone rubber assay and morphometric measurements for in vitro characterization.
  • Employed radioimmunoassay to quantify endothelin levels in conditioned media.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Conducted experiments with isolated cells and co-cultures of endothelial cells and pericytes.

    • Main Results:

    • Conditioned media from various endothelial cells promoted pericyte contractions.
    • Endothelin immunoreactivity was detected in conditioned media.
    • Synthetic endothelin and thromboxane A2 stimulated contractions, while prostaglandin I2 induced relaxation.
    • Thrombin and angiotensin II triggered endothelial-dependent pericyte contractions via released factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Microvascular endothelial cells secrete factors, including endothelin-like substances, that modulate pericyte contractility.
    • Endothelial cell-pericyte interactions are essential regulators of microvessel contractility.
    • These findings highlight a novel mechanism for microvessel tone regulation.