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Related Concept Videos

Elevation of Intermediate Points on Vertical Curves01:20

Elevation of Intermediate Points on Vertical Curves

Vertical curves are essential in roadway design because they provide smooth transitions between varying roadway grades. Designing vertical curves involves calculating intermediate elevations and identifying the curve's highest or lowest point, which is essential for optimal roadway performance.Intermediate elevations on a vertical curve are determined using the tangent offset method. This method considers the initial elevation at the start of the curve, the grades, and the curve's geometry. The...
Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

Muscles for Facial Expressions

The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Skewness01:06

Skewness

The measures of central tendency calculated from a data set may not reveal much about its intrinsic distribution. If a plot is made of the data set’s values, the mean and the median may not only differ, but also the plot may have more values on one side of the central tendencies. Such a data set is said to be skewed towards that side.
The longer the tail of the plot on one side, the more skewed it is. The skewness of a data set’s values suggests that the measures of central tendency are...
Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...
Differential Leveling01:12

Differential Leveling

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Related Experiment Videos

Eyebrow peak position redefined.

Sylvia Pham1, Bradon Wilhelmi, Arian Mowlavi

  • 1University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.

Aesthetic Surgery Journal
|July 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The deep temporal fusion line is a precise landmark for eyebrow peak position. This finding can improve endoscopic brow lift incision and fixation point placement for both males and females.

Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Facial Aesthetics

Background:

  • The aesthetically appealing eyebrow arch position is traditionally defined by arbitrary landmarks.
  • Current methods for endoscopic brow lift incision and fixation lack precise anatomical correlation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the deep temporal fusion line as a functional landmark for eyebrow peak position.
  • To compare its accuracy against traditional anatomical landmarks.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of 50 subjects' eyebrows were taken.
  • Key landmarks included the deep temporal fusion line, eyebrow peak, lateral brow, and lateral limbus.
  • Statistical analyses included Pearson's correlation and t-tests.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • The deep temporal fusion line demonstrated the strongest correlation (P = .860) with eyebrow peak position.
  • No significant difference was found between the deep temporal fusion line and eyebrow peak.
  • The deep temporal fusion line is a reliable predictor for both males and females.

Conclusions:

  • The deep temporal fusion line serves as an accurate and functional landmark for eyebrow peak.
  • Placement of endoscopic brow lift incisions and fixation points should be considered along the deep temporal fusion line.