Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles

There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen. The...
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Normalization accounts for temporal dynamics in human somatosensory cortex.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

WT1-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a phase I pilot feasibility study.

BMC ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Topography of Photophobia: Perifoveal Sensitivity Associations in Glaucoma.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026
Same author

An image-computable spatio-chromatic receptive field model of the midget retinal ganglion cell mosaic across the retina.

Journal of computational neuroscience·2026
Same author

An increasingly efficient narrowband object-recognition channel along the ventral stream.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

EasyEyes: Crowded dynamic fixation for online psychophysics.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

AI-generated faces are becoming more trustworthy.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Attenuated boundary extension in observer perspective memory compared to field perspective memory.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Comparing masking and habituation roles in saccadic omission of stimuli optimized for intra-saccadic vision.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Analysis of human visual experience data.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Pyramid-based Bayesian modeling for high-resolution behavioral analysis.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Sensation without perception: The white whale effect and perceptual blindness in autonomous vehicles.

Journal of vision·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Large Lateral Craniotomy Procedure for Mesoscale Wide-field Optical Imaging of Brain Activity
10:05

A Large Lateral Craniotomy Procedure for Mesoscale Wide-field Optical Imaging of Brain Activity

Published on: May 7, 2017

Mapping hV4 and ventral occipital cortex: the venous eclipse.

Jonathan Winawer1, Hiroshi Horiguchi, Rory A Sayres

  • 1Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. winawer@stanford.edu

Journal of Vision
|July 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional MRI (fMRI) data for the human visual field map hV4 are often contaminated by transverse sinus (TS) artifacts. Our findings reveal this artifact masks responses, but careful subject selection allows for clearer visualization of hV4 organization.

More Related Videos

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
07:11

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Published on: December 8, 2023

Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain
17:13

Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain

Published on: October 22, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Large Lateral Craniotomy Procedure for Mesoscale Wide-field Optical Imaging of Brain Activity
10:05

A Large Lateral Craniotomy Procedure for Mesoscale Wide-field Optical Imaging of Brain Activity

Published on: May 7, 2017

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
07:11

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Published on: December 8, 2023

Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain
17:13

Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain

Published on: October 22, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The human visual field map hV4 has been a focus of research for 20 years.
  • Uncertainties persist regarding the precise spatial organization of hV4.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To resolve uncertainties about the spatial organization of the human visual field map hV4.
  • To identify and characterize artifacts affecting fMRI measurements in the ventral occipital cortex near hV4.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.
  • Development and application of a computational model for transverse sinus (TS) artifacts.
  • Selection of participants with TS positioned away from the lateral edge of hV4.

Main Results:

  • fMRI data in the ventral occipital cortex, especially near hV4, are frequently contaminated by artifacts from the transverse sinus (TS).
  • A TS artifact model accurately predicted anomalous fMRI responses.
  • The TS artifact masks critical responses in hV4, obscuring distinctions between leading organizational models, particularly in the left hemisphere.
  • Analysis in subjects with minimal TS interference revealed visual field coverage extending to the lower visual field meridian.

Conclusions:

  • Transverse sinus artifacts pose a significant challenge for fMRI studies of hV4.
  • Careful subject selection is crucial for overcoming TS artifacts and accurately mapping hV4.
  • Findings support a model of hV4 located on the ventral surface, processing the entire contralateral hemifield, including the lower visual field.