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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Published on: March 14, 2025

Neonatal erythroderma.

Sylvie Fraitag¹, Christine Bodemer

¹Department of Pathology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, and Université René-Descartes, Paris, France. sylvie.fraitag@nck.aphp.fr

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

|July 10, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal erythroderma, a serious condition in newborns, requires prompt diagnosis. Differentiating causes like genodermatosis and immune deficiency is key for effective management and improved outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Neonatal dermatology
Pediatric immunology
Genetic disorders

Background:

Neonatal erythroderma presents a diagnostic challenge due to nonspecific clinical signs.
Early onset erythroderma may indicate genodermatosis, primary immune deficiency, or other severe conditions.
Distinguishing atopic erythroderma from other causes is crucial as it typically appears after the first month of life.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the diverse causes of neonatal erythroderma.
To detail the clinical, biological, histological, and genetic characteristics of these conditions.
To provide guidance on differential diagnosis and management strategies.

Main Methods:

Literature review of neonatal erythroderma causes.
Analysis of clinical, biological, histological, and genetic features.
Synthesis of diagnostic and management approaches.

Main Results:

Severe erythroderma with early onset, skin induration, alopecia, and failure to thrive suggests immunodeficiency or Netherton syndrome.
Early skin biopsy is valuable for differentiating between immunodeficiency and Netherton syndrome.
Various genodermatoses, immune deficiencies, psoriasis, metabolic diseases, and infections can cause neonatal erythroderma.

Conclusions:

Accurate and timely diagnosis of neonatal erythroderma is essential for optimal patient outcomes.
Understanding the distinct features of various erythroderma causes aids in differential diagnosis.
A structured approach to diagnosis and management improves the care of neonates with erythroderma.