Enterovesical fistulas: diagnosis and management

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Urology
• Surgical Complications

Background:

• Enterovesical fistula (EVF) is an abnormal connection between the intestine and bladder.
• It is a rare complication arising from inflammatory, neoplastic, traumatic, or iatrogenic causes.
• Diverticular disease and colorectal carcinoma are the most frequent etiologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the diagnostic challenges and treatment strategies for enterovesical fistulas.
• To highlight the effectiveness of surgical interventions, particularly the laparoscopic approach.

Main Methods:

• Review of diagnostic tools including laboratory tests, imaging, and endoscopy.
• Discussion of treatment options, encompassing conservative management and surgical interventions.
• Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery for EVF.

Main Results:

• Common symptoms include pneumaturia, fecaluria, and recurrent urinary tract infections.
• Diagnosis can be delayed, leading to prolonged patient monitoring.
• Surgical treatment is often necessary, with laparoscopic methods demonstrating safety and effectiveness.

Conclusions:

• Enterovesical fistula presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges with significant morbidity and mortality.
• Early recognition and appropriate surgical management, including minimally invasive techniques, are crucial.
• Laparoscopic approaches offer a promising and effective treatment modality for EVF.