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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Autism spectrum disorders.

Hadeel Faras1, Nahed Al Ateeqi, Lee Tidmarsh

  • 1Developmental Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Al-Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait. hyfaras@yahoo.com

Annals of Saudi Medicine
|July 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental conditions affecting communication and social interaction, with increasing global prevalence. Early identification and referral are crucial for affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Genetics and Environmental Factors in Neurodevelopment

Background:

  • Pervasive developmental disorders encompass conditions marked by challenges in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors.
  • Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is an umbrella term reflecting the varied presentations of these neurodevelopmental conditions.
  • The etiology of ASD is complex, with strong evidence for a genetic basis and ongoing investigation into environmental influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To equip physicians with information for early identification and referral of children with potential ASD symptoms.
  • To enhance physician comfort in addressing public concerns about ASD etiology and management.
  • To provide updated prevalence data on autism spectrum disorders.

Main Methods:

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  • Review of current literature on the characteristics, genetics, and environmental factors of pervasive developmental disorders.
  • Analysis of recent prevalence studies on autism spectrum disorders.
  • Synthesis of information to guide physician recognition and referral practices.

Main Results:

  • Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and restricted behaviors.
  • The prevalence of ASD is estimated at 6 per 1000 children globally.
  • A complex genetic basis is implicated, with environmental factors requiring further research.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification and timely referral to specialized centers are critical for children with ASD.
  • Physicians play a key role in managing public concerns and providing accurate information on ASD.
  • Continued research into the multifactorial causes of ASD is essential.