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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Mutations01:39

Mutations

Overview
Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
12:37

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

How sunlight causes melanoma.

Lilit Garibyan1, David E Fisher

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

Current Oncology Reports
|July 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ultraviolet light radiation (UVR) from sunlight significantly increases melanoma risk. This review details how UVR causes DNA damage, inflammation, and immune suppression, contributing to skin cancer development.

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Published on: September 7, 2013

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Melanoma incidence is rising, particularly in young females, posing a significant public health challenge.
  • Ultraviolet light radiation (UVR) from sunlight is a primary risk factor for melanoma development.
  • The precise mechanisms linking UVR exposure to melanoma initiation, progression, and metastasis are under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current findings on the mechanistic details of how UVR causes melanoma.
  • To elucidate the roles of DNA damage, inflammation, and immune suppression in UVR-induced skin cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on UVR and melanoma.
  • Analysis of studies investigating UVR's carcinogenic, inflammatory, and immunosuppressive effects.
  • Synthesis of findings on UVR-induced DNA damage, inflammation, and immune suppression.

Main Results:

  • UVR is a major contributor to melanoma development.
  • UVR induces DNA damage, which is a key factor in skin cancer initiation.
  • UVR triggers inflammatory responses and immune suppression, facilitating melanoma progression and metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • Sunlight-generated UVR is a critical factor in melanoma development.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of UVR-induced DNA damage, inflammation, and immune suppression is crucial for prevention and treatment.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex pathways linking UVR to melanoma.