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Related Concept Videos

Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis
06:41

A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis

Published on: March 9, 2015

Alopecia areata in Eringer cows.

Katrin Timm1, Silvia Rüfenacht, Claudia von Tscharner

  • 1Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland. katrin.timm@kkh.unibe.ch

Veterinary Dermatology
|July 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Alopecia areata, an autoimmune hair loss disorder, was confirmed in Eringer cows. The condition involves T-cell infiltration of hair follicles, suggesting a cell-mediated autoimmune response in affected cattle.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Animal Pathology

Background:

  • Alopecia areata is a recognized autoimmune hair loss disorder in humans, dogs, and horses, typically targeting anagen hair follicles.
  • This condition is infrequently reported in cattle, with limited understanding of its presentation and pathogenesis in bovines.
  • Recent observations indicated a potential increase in alopecia areata cases within the Eringer cow breed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To confirm the diagnosis of alopecia areata in Eringer cows.
  • To characterize the clinical and histopathological features of alopecia areata in this breed.
  • To identify the types of inflammatory cells involved in the pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Inclusion of twenty Eringer cows with alopecia and eleven healthy controls.
  • Clinical examination to document patterns of hair loss (generalized, multifocal, spared areas).
  • Histopathological analysis of skin biopsies from alopecic and normal skin, including immunohistochemical staining for inflammatory cell markers (CD3, CD20).

Main Results:

  • Histological findings included peri- and intrabulbar lymphocytic infiltration, peribulbar fibrosis, and degenerate matrix cells in anagen hair bulbs.
  • Dysplastic and unpigmented hair shafts were observed, along with mild lymphocytic mural folliculitis.
  • The infiltrate was predominantly composed of CD3(+) T cells, with few CD20(+) B cells, confirming a T-cell-mediated process.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms T-cell-mediated alopecia areata in Eringer cows.
  • Alopecia areata may occur with higher frequency in the Eringer breed, although specific predisposing factors remain unidentified.
  • Findings contribute to understanding autoimmune hair loss in cattle.