Amperometric sensor for cyanide utilizing cyanidase and formate dehydrogenase

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Biochemistry
• Sensor Technology

Background:

• Cyanide is a highly toxic compound requiring accurate detection methods.
• Existing cyanide detection methods may lack specificity or sensitivity.
• Enzyme-based biosensors offer potential for selective analyte determination.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and characterize an amperometric sensor for cyanide detection.
• To enhance sensor specificity using a dual-enzyme cascade.
• To evaluate the sensor's performance in complex biological matrices.

Main Methods:

• Integration of a cyanide-specific enzymatic reaction cascade into an amperometric sensor.
• Utilizing cyanidase (EC 3.5.5.1) and formate dehydrogenase (FDH, EC 1.2.1.2) for cyanide conversion.
• Flow injection analysis (FIA) system for sample introduction and analysis.

Main Results:

• Achieved a low micromolar limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ).
• Demonstrated excellent long-term sensor stability.
• Established a wide linear detection range from 0.7 to 800 microM.
• Successfully measured cyanide in plant extracts, showcasing matrix compatibility.

Conclusions:

• The developed amperometric sensor provides a stable and sensitive method for cyanide quantification.
• The dual-enzyme system effectively enhances specificity, with minimal interference from sulfide.
• This sensor is suitable for analyzing cyanide in complex samples, including plant-based materials.