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Surgery for ventricular septal defect.

H Sairanen1, M Leijala, I Louhimo

  • 1Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland.

Scandinavian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
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Ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure is complex, with many patients having associated conditions. Mortality risks are linked to these complications and pulmonary vascular disease, not the VSD closure method.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease Surgery
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a common congenital heart anomaly.
  • Patients with VSD often present with complex cardiac and non-cardiac comorbidities.
  • Understanding outcomes after VSD closure is crucial for surgical planning and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the outcomes of ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure in a large patient cohort.
  • To identify factors associated with mortality and morbidity after VSD repair.
  • To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of VSD closure, including residual defects and arrhythmias.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 255 patients undergoing VSD closure.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Data collection on patient demographics, associated anomalies, surgical approach, and outcomes.
  • Follow-up assessment of clinical status, cardiac symptoms, non-cardiac symptoms, residual VSD, and arrhythmias.

    • Main Results:

    • 48% of patients were under 2 years old; 59% had cardiac and 26% non-cardiac abnormalities.
    • Mortality was associated with complex defects and pulmonary vascular occlusive disease.
    • Long-term follow-up showed 79% of patients were well, with residual VSD rare after single VSD closure but common in multiple VSDs.
    • Complete A-V block requiring a pacemaker occurred in 4% of patients, none with simple VSD closure.

    Conclusions:

    • Concomitant cardiac and non-cardiac lesions are frequent in VSD patients.
    • Mortality is strongly linked to associated lesions and pulmonary vascular occlusive disease.
    • Left ventricular apical approach for VSD closure does not increase mortality or morbidity.
    • Significant residual VSD is uncommon after single VSD closure but prevalent in multiple VSDs.
    • The risk of complete A-V block after simple VSD closure is low.