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Related Concept Videos

Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process information is...
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
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Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
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Prediction, cognition and the brain.

Andreja Bubic1, D Yves von Cramon, Ricarda I Schubotz

  • 1Department of Cognitive Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|July 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The predictive brain anticipates future events, a key concept in neuroscience. Prediction errors are vital for driving cognitive processes and behavior, though a unified theory is still developing.

Keywords:
anticipationexpectationinternal modelsnovelty detectionpredictionprediction errorsprospectionsimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience of Prediction

Background:

  • The 'predictive brain' concept highlights the role of anticipation and expectation in cognitive functions.
  • Predictive processing is proposed as a fundamental principle of neural computation.
  • Prediction errors are crucial for modulating neural activity, cognitive processes, and behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research areas investigating the role of prediction in cognitive neuroscience.
  • To introduce terminology and leading theories related to predictive processing.
  • To explore generative mechanisms underlying predictive processing and the comparison of predicted versus actual events.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cognitive neuroscience research.
  • Analysis of theories on predictive processing and generative mechanisms.
  • Discussion of experimental paradigms comparing prediction confirmation and violation.

Main Results:

  • Identified key research areas and theories emphasizing prediction in cognitive domains.
  • Highlighted the significance of prediction errors in neural and behavioral adaptation.
  • Compared the processing of expected versus unexpected events.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding predictive processing.
  • Further research is needed to develop a unified theory of predictive processing.
  • Open issues remain regarding both cognitive and neural aspects of predictive functioning.