Neuroimaging in neuro-ophthalmology

The modern imaging era has introduced a variety of techniques that aid in the evaluation of complex neurologic problems. To optimize the yield of neuroimaging the clinician must, first and foremost, determine the nature of the neuro-ophthalmic disorder; and then localize the lesion. Once the localization of the neuro-ophthalmic problem is understood, the optimal imaging modality can be directed toward the anatomic region of interest. In this article the approach to neuroimaging is discussed, with emphasis on the anatomic localization of lesions affecting afferent and efferent visual function.