TRALI in Perioperative Period-A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Transfusion Medicine
• Critical Care Medicine
• Hematology

Background:

• Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a severe adverse event.
• TRALI is often underdiagnosed and underreported, despite its potential fatality.
• Perioperative blood transfusions carry specific risks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of TRALI following blood transfusion.
• To highlight the diagnostic challenges and clinical presentation of TRALI.
• To emphasize the importance of timely recognition and management of TRALI.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a patient experiencing hemolysis and lung injury post-transfusion.
• Clinical observation during the perioperative period.
• Review of diagnostic criteria and management strategies for TRALI.

Main Results:

• The patient developed both hemolysis and acute lung injury after blood transfusion.
• Prompt clinical suspicion for TRALI was crucial for diagnosis.
• Supportive care, including mechanical ventilation, led to patient survival.

Conclusions:

• TRALI is a critical, often overlooked, complication of blood transfusion.
• High index of suspicion and aggressive supportive care are vital for managing TRALI.
• This case underscores the importance of recognizing TRALI in the perioperative setting.