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Related Concept Videos

Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...

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Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion
12:06

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion

Published on: October 10, 2011

Hepatic stem cells and liver development.

Nalu Navarro-Alvarez1, Alejandro Soto-Gutierrez, Naoya Kobayashi

  • 1Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama, Japan.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Liver stem cells, including intrahepatic and extrahepatic populations, are crucial for organ maintenance and regeneration. Extrahepatic stem cells, like embryonic stem cells, show promise for future cell-based liver disease therapies.

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion
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Efficient Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Liver Cells
07:37

Efficient Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Liver Cells

Published on: June 11, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Hepatocytes, the main liver cells, are vulnerable to damage and require replenishment.
  • Both intrahepatic and extrahepatic stem/progenitor cells contribute to liver maintenance and regeneration.
  • Intrahepatic stem cells likely originate from the biliary tree, while extrahepatic cells can derive from bone marrow and embryonic sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of intrahepatic and extrahepatic stem/progenitor cells in liver homeostasis and regeneration.
  • To investigate the potential of embryonic stem cells for hepatic tissue repair.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying liver regeneration and identify potential cell-based therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on liver stem cell populations.
  • Analysis of the origins and functions of intrahepatic and extrahepatic stem cells.
  • Evaluation of the potential of embryonic stem cells for hepatocyte differentiation.

Main Results:

  • Identified intrahepatic stem cells originating from the biliary tree (canals of Hering, ductules).
  • Confirmed extrahepatic stem cells, including bone marrow-derived and embryonic stem cells, contribute to liver regeneration.
  • Demonstrated the pluripotent capacity of embryonic stem cells for generating hepatocyte-like cells.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell research advances understanding of liver homeostasis and regeneration.
  • Extrahepatic stem cells, particularly embryonic stem cells, offer a promising avenue for cell-based therapies for liver diseases.
  • While a human stem cell-derived hepatocyte equivalent is not yet available, progress indicates potential for future clinical applications.