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Related Concept Videos

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Transfer of Manipulated Tumor-associated Neutrophils into Tumor-Bearing Mice to Study their Angiogenic Potential In Vivo
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Targeting the ANGPT-TIE2 pathway in malignancy.

Hanhua Huang1, Abhijit Bhat, Gary Woodnutt

  • 1CovX, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.

Nature Reviews. Cancer
|July 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Angiopoietins (ANGPTs) and TIE2 receptor signaling are vital in tumor angiogenesis. Targeting this pathway is complex due to context-dependent effects, necessitating strategic therapeutic approaches for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Angiogenesis Research

Background:

  • Angiopoietins (ANGPTs) are key ligands for the TIE2 receptor, playing critical roles in the tumor angiogenic switch.
  • Elevated ANGPT2 relative to ANGPT1 expression in tumors is associated with poorer patient prognosis.
  • The ANGPT-TIE system's biological effects are highly context-dependent, posing challenges for therapeutic targeting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the ANGPT-TIE axis in tumor biology.
  • To discuss various therapeutic intervention strategies for targeting this pathway.
  • To identify optimal strategies for targeting the ANGPT-TIE system in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of the ANGPT-TIE system in tumor biology.

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  • Analysis of the context-dependent effects of ANGPTs on TIE2 signaling.
  • Evaluation of current and potential therapeutic interventions targeting the ANGPT-TIE pathway.

    • Main Results:

    • The ANGPT-TIE system is integral to the tumor angiogenic switch.
    • The ratio of ANGPT2 to ANGPT1 is a significant prognostic biomarker in cancer.
    • Therapeutic targeting of the ANGPT-TIE pathway requires careful consideration of its context-specific functions.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the nuanced roles of the ANGPT-TIE system is crucial for effective cancer treatment.
    • Developing targeted therapies requires a deep appreciation of the context-dependent nature of this signaling axis.
    • Further research is needed to delineate the best therapeutic strategies for modulating ANGPT-TIE signaling in various tumor types.