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Prevalence and distribution of developmental enamel defects in children with cerebral palsy in Beijing, China
Xiaobo Lin1, Weihong Wu, Chengfei Zhang
1Beijing Boai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.
Insights
Developmental enamel defects are common in children with cerebral palsy (CP), affecting over 30%. Premature birth is linked to these dental issues in CP patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Developmental Biology
- Public Health
Background:
- Cerebral palsy (CP) can impact oral health.
- Developmental enamel defects (DEDs) are common in children.
- Understanding DEDs in CP is crucial for dental care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and distribution of DEDs in children with CP in Beijing.
- To explore associations between DEDs and factors like gestational age and birth weight.
Main Methods:
- Dental examinations were conducted on 135 children (aged 1.5-6 years) with moderate to severe CP.
- Data collected from Beijing Boai Hospital between 2005-2009.
- Prevalence, type, location, and associations of DEDs were analyzed.
Main Results:
- DEDs (opacity and/or hypoplasia) were observed in 32.6% of children with CP.
- Enamel hypoplasia was the most frequent defect (25.9%).
- Defects were commonly found on primary incisors and first molars, often symmetrically. Premature birth (<37 weeks) was significantly associated with DEDs (42.4% vs. 23.2% for normal gestational age).
Conclusions:
- A high prevalence of DEDs exists in children with CP.
- The occurrence of DEDs varies by tooth type and is linked to gestational age.
- These findings highlight the need for targeted dental surveillance in children with CP, especially those born prematurely.
Aim:
To investigate the prevalence and distribution of developmental enamel defects in children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Beijing, China.
Design:
A total of 135 children aged 1.5-6 years with moderate or severe congenital CP diagnosed in Beijing Boai Hospital from year 2005 to 2009 were recruited. The children underwent dental examination at the hospital dental clinic.
Results:
Enamel defects (opacity and/or hypoplasia) were found in 44 (32.6%) out of 135 CP children. Enamel hypoplasia was found in 35 (25.9%) of the CP children, opacity alone was found in 5 (3.7%) of the CP children, and mixed defects (opacity and hypoplasia) was found in 4 (3.0%) of the CP children. Most of the enamel defects were located symmetrically in the primary incisors and first molars. 42.4% of children with enamel defects were born prematurely (<37 weeks) where as only 23.2% of them were born at normal gestational age. No statistically significant difference in the prevalence of enamel defects was found in relation to birth weight (P > 0.05).
Conclusions:
A high prevalence of developmental enamel defects was found among the children with CP. The prevalence of defects varied with the tooth type and was associated with gestational age of the children.
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