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Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cement-Root Dentine Interfacial Layer

Yoon Seon Lee1, Soojin Heo2, Hiran Perinpanayagam3

  • 1Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Australian Endodontic Journal : the Journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc
|October 15, 2026
PubMed

Keywords:
biomineralisationcalcium silicate cementcalcium silicate hydratehydration reactioninterfacial layer

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Transition Zone01:28

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Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
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Sulfate Attack on Concrete01:29

Sulfate Attack on Concrete

Sulfate attack on concrete is a deterioration process characterized by a whitish discoloration beginning at the edges and corners, accompanied by cracking and spalling. This phenomenon occurs when sulfates react with the components of hardened concrete, forming compounds like calcium sulfate and calcium sulfoaluminate which occupy more space than the substances they replace, causing the concrete to expand and disrupt.
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Strength and Heat of Hydration01:29

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