Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

What Makes a Useful "Predictor" of Risk for Suicide Attempt?

JAMA psychiatry·2022
Same author

Children's neural reactivity to maternal praise and criticism: Associations with early depressive symptoms and maternal depression.

Development and psychopathology·2022
Same author

Whole-Brain Resting-State Functional Connectivity Patterns Associated With Pediatric Anxiety and Involuntary Attention Capture.

Biological psychiatry global open science·2022
Same author

Correction To: Childhood Behavioral Inhibition and Overcontrol: Relationships with Cognitive Functioning, Error Monitoring, Anxiety and Obsessive-compulsive Symptoms.

Research on child and adolescent psychopathology·2022
Same author

Developmental trajectories of cortical thickness by functional brain network: The roles of pubertal timing and socioeconomic status.

Developmental cognitive neuroscience·2022
Same author

Structural covariance of the ventral visual stream predicts posttraumatic intrusion and nightmare symptoms: a multivariate data fusion analysis.

Translational psychiatry·2022
Same journal

IGFBP3 and UBE2C are associated with protein modification pathways and serve as prognostic markers in glioma.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Targeting neurodevelopmental miR132-3p promotes neuroprotection and axon regeneration after optic nerve injury in mice.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Variability in acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition across adulthood in Fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 knockout mice.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Transcriptome-guided modeling reveals insulin-related metabolic dysfunction in SCA3 mouse cerebellum.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Intranasal stromal cell-derived factor-1α mitigates parkinsonian deficits via dual modulation of neuroinflammation and gut microbiota in MPTP-induced models.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Emotions, the amygdala, and the right hemisphere.

Brain research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

Developmental differences in sustained and transient activity underlying working memory.

Shefali B Brahmbhatt1, Desirée A White, Deanna M Barch

  • 1University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. shefali.brahmbhatt@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu

Brain Research
|July 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children show different brain activity patterns than adults when performing memory tasks. This suggests children may use a more reactive strategy for working memory (WM) due to difficulties maintaining information.

More Related Videos

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
09:01

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
09:01

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) capacity significantly increases from childhood to adulthood.
  • Childhood and adolescence involve substantial neuroanatomical changes linked to cognitive maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between working memory load and age-related changes in neural activity.
  • To explore how working memory performance and brain activation differ between children and adults under varying cognitive loads.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a mixed state-item design with a parametric n-back task.
  • Recruited 35 participants across two age groups: children (9–13 years) and adults (18–23 years).
  • Utilized neuroimaging techniques to measure neural activity during task performance.

Main Results:

  • Behaviorally, children performed significantly worse than adults on the 2-back task, but not on the 0- and 1-back tasks.
  • Neuroimaging revealed that during the 2-back task, children exhibited increased transient neural activity but decreased sustained activity compared to adults.
  • Children's neural patterns suggest greater difficulty in maintaining task-relevant information over time and a more reactive, trial-by-trial strategy.

Conclusions:

  • The findings indicate age-related differences in the neural mechanisms supporting working memory.
  • Children's working memory development involves distinct patterns of neural engagement, particularly under higher cognitive loads.
  • These results offer insights into the maturation of specific processes within the working memory system.