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Phagocytosis

Phagocytosis

Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis (“cellular eating”) is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects—such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). It is perhaps unsurprising, that many...

Phagocytosis

Phagocytosis

Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells, including...

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells

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Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes.
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized by phagocytes.

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
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Endocytosis
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Published on: April 3, 2017

Functional selection of phagocytosis-promoting genes: cell sorting-based selection.

Hyejin Jeon¹, Younghoon Go, Minchul Seo

¹Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, CMRI, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

Journal of Biomolecular Screening

|July 28, 2010

Summary

Researchers identified novel genes that enhance phagocytosis, a key immune process. This discovery aids in developing new therapeutic strategies targeting immune function and disease treatment.

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Immunology
Genetics

Background:

Phagocytosis is a vital cellular process for host defense, development, and tissue homeostasis.
Identifying genes that regulate phagocytosis is crucial for understanding immune responses and developing therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To discover novel genes that promote phagocytosis using a functional selection strategy.
To validate the phagocytosis-promoting activity of identified genes.
To explore small molecules that modulate phagocytosis via identified genes.

Main Methods:

A retroviral mouse brain cDNA library was introduced into NIH3T3 cells.
Fluorescent zymosan particle uptake was used to select for enhanced phagocytic cells via cell sorting.
DNA sequencing identified candidate genes, followed by transient transfection assays for validation.
A small-scale screen identified imidazopyridine compounds modulating eIF5A-mediated phagocytosis.

Main Results:

Successfully identified eight novel phagocytosis-promoting genes: eIF5A, Meg3, Tubb5, Sparcl-1, Uchl-1, Bsg (CD147), Ube2v1, and Pamr1.
Confirmed phagocytosis-promoting activity for several identified genes through transfection assays.
Identified imidazopyridine compounds that modulate eIF5A-mediated phagocytic activity.

Conclusions:

The functional selection strategy effectively identified multiple novel phagocytosis-promoting genes.
The identified genes and compounds offer potential targets for therapeutic modulation of phagocytic activity.
The selection method is adaptable for discovering genes related to other cellular phenotypes.