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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
Meristems and Plant Growth02:36

Meristems and Plant Growth

Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.

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Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

Decoding the epigenetic language of plant development.

Ayaz Ahmad1, Yong Zhang, Xiao-Feng Cao

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

Molecular Plant
|July 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetics involves heritable gene expression changes without altering DNA sequence, utilizing mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modifications. This review highlights key research on chromatin modifiers and their role in plant development and stress responses.

Keywords:
Chromatin structure and remodelingepigeneticsfloweringgene silencing

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Epigenetics governs heritable gene expression changes without altering DNA sequence.
  • Key epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, histone variants, chromatin remodeling, and small RNAs.
  • These mechanisms are crucial for various cellular processes, including gene silencing, X-chromosome inactivation, and genomic imprinting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of epigenetic regulation in plant development.
  • To summarize recent advancements in understanding chromatin modifying proteins and their functions.
  • To highlight research on epigenetic impacts on plant developmental processes and stress responses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of articles from a special issue of Molecular Plant on 'Epigenetics and Plant Development'.
  • Focus on chromatin modifying proteins: histone modifiers, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling proteins.
  • Analysis of studies on epigenetic regulation of flowering time, vernalization, stem cell maintenance, and stress responses.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of chromatin modifiers regulating diverse plant developmental processes.
  • Exploration of seed transcriptome regulation, imprinting, paramutation, and epigenetic barriers in hybridization.
  • Investigation into Pol V-mediated heterochromatin formation and the influence of genome position on epigenetic regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The reviewed research significantly advances the understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in biological phenomena.
  • Findings provide insights into epigenetic regulation of plant development, stress responses, and genome stability.
  • The study opens new avenues for future research by posing critical questions in the field of epigenetics.