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G(RADA1): a new cell surface antigen of mouse leukemia defined by naturally occurring antibody and its relationship
Abstract:
A new cell surface antigenic system of the mouse, designated G(RADA1), is described. The antigen is defined by cytotoxic tests with the A strain X-ray-induced leukemia RADA1 and naturally occurring antibody from random-bred Swiss mice and can be distinguished from all other serologically detected cell surface antigens of the mouse. Absorption tests indicate that G(RADA1) is present in the normal lymphatic tissue and leukemias of mouse strains with high spontaneous leukemia-incidence, e.g., AKR, C58, and C3H/Figge. Low leukemia-incidence strains, e.g., C57BL/6, BALB/c, and A lack G(RADA1) in their normal tissues, but a proportion of leukemias and solid tumors arising in these strains are G(RADA1)+. The relation of G(RADA1) to MuLV is shown by G(RADA1) appearance after MuLV infection of permissive cells in vitro; four of five N-tropic MuLV isolates, one of four B-tropic MuLV, and none of four xenotropic MuLV induce G(RADA1). Two MCF MuLV, thought to represent recombinants between N-ecotropic and xenotropic MuLV, also induce G(RADA1). Serological and biochemical characterization indicates that G(RADA1) is a type-specific determinant of the gp70 component of certain MuLV. The presence of natural antibody to RADA1 in various mouse strains and the emergence of G(RADA1)+ leukemias and solid tumors in mice of G(RADA1)- phenotype suggest widespread occurrence of genetic information coding for this antigen.
Insights
A new mouse cell surface antigen, G(RADA1), is identified. This antigen is linked to specific mouse leukemia virus (MuLV) types and appears in normal tissues of high-leukemia strains and in tumors of low-leukemia strains.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Oncology
Background:
- Mouse leukemia viruses (MuLV) are implicated in various cancers.
- Cell surface antigens play roles in immune response and disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe a novel mouse cell surface antigenic system, G(RADA1).
- To investigate the association of G(RADA1) with mouse leukemia and MuLV infection.
Main Methods:
- Cytotoxic tests using RADA1 leukemia cells and natural mouse antibodies.
- Absorption tests to determine antigen distribution.
- In vitro MuLV infection of cells to assess G(RADA1) induction.
- Serological and biochemical characterization of G(RADA1).
Main Results:
- G(RADA1) is a distinct cell surface antigen in mice.
- G(RADA1) is present in normal lymphatic tissue and leukemias of high-leukemia incidence strains.
- Low-leukemia strains lack G(RADA1) in normal tissues but show it in some tumors.
- N-tropic, B-tropic, and MCF MuLV isolates induce G(RADA1) in vitro.
- G(RADA1) is a type-specific determinant of the gp70 component of certain MuLV.
Conclusions:
- G(RADA1) antigen expression correlates with leukemia incidence in mice.
- Certain MuLV infections can induce G(RADA1) expression.
- The findings suggest widespread genetic information for G(RADA1) in mice.