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Cell Specific Gene Expression

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...

Reporter Genes

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
Commonly used reporter...

What is Gene Expression?

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A Combinatorial Single-cell Approach to Characterize the Molecular and Immunophenotypic Heterogeneity of Human Stem and Progenitor Populations

A Combinatorial Single-cell Approach to Characterize the Molecular and Immunophenotypic Heterogeneity of Human Stem and Progenitor Populations

Published on: October 25, 2018

Defining cell identity by comprehensive gene expression profiling.

M Toyoda¹, T Hamatani, H Okada

¹Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

Current Medicinal Chemistry

|July 30, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Microarray analysis reveals key gene expression trends in cell development, including preimplantation development and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This research highlights marrow stromal cells

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Laser Microdissection Applied to Gene Expression Profiling of Subset of Cells from the Drosophila Wing Disc

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Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver

Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver

Published on: September 17, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A Combinatorial Single-cell Approach to Characterize the Molecular and Immunophenotypic Heterogeneity of Human Stem and Progenitor Populations

A Combinatorial Single-cell Approach to Characterize the Molecular and Immunophenotypic Heterogeneity of Human Stem and Progenitor Populations

Published on: October 25, 2018

Laser Microdissection Applied to Gene Expression Profiling of Subset of Cells from the Drosophila Wing Disc

Laser Microdissection Applied to Gene Expression Profiling of Subset of Cells from the Drosophila Wing Disc

Published on: April 30, 2010

Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver

Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver

Published on: September 17, 2019

Area of Science:

Cellular and Molecular Biology
Developmental Biology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Cellular potential is influenced by environmental factors during development.
Understanding molecular determinants of cell potential requires analyzing gene expression across diverse cell types.
Microarray technology enables parallel analysis of numerous genes, advancing medical science.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the impact of global gene expression data on understanding cell differentiation.
To elucidate major trends in preimplantation development and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
To explore the characteristics of marrow stromal cells for regenerative medicine applications.

Main Methods:

Analysis of global gene expression data using microarray technology.
Review of existing literature on cell differentiation and development.
Examination of gene expression patterns in specific cell types, including marrow stromal cells.

Main Results:

Global expression data have elucidated major trends in preimplantation development and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Marrow stromal cells, particularly OP9 cells, show characteristics relevant to regenerative medicine.
Microarray data identified OP9 cells, previously considered preadipocytes, as chondroblasts.

Conclusions:

Gene expression analysis provides critical insights into cell differentiation and developmental processes.
Marrow stromal cells are a valuable resource for regenerative medicine, with specific subtypes exhibiting unique differentiation potentials.
Microarray data offers a powerful tool for biological modeling and advancing reproductive and regenerative medicine.