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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

Small renal oncocytomas: differentiation with multiphase CT.

Georgios Gakis¹, Ulrich Kramer, David Schilling

¹Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, Tübingen, Germany. georgios.gakis@web.de

European Journal of Radiology

|July 30, 2010

Summary

Multiphase computed tomography (CT) can differentiate small renal oncocytomas from clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The corticomedullary phase is most useful for distinguishing these small kidney tumors, aiding in preoperative planning.

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In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

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Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: June 21, 2024

Area of Science:

Radiology
Oncology
Nephrology

Background:

Small renal masses require accurate characterization to guide treatment.
Distinguishing between renal oncocytoma and clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is crucial for appropriate management.
Multiphase computed tomography (CT) is a key imaging modality for renal lesion evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the characteristic imaging findings of tumor attenuation in multiphase CT for small renal oncocytomas and ccRCC (≤5 cm).
To identify the optimal CT phase for detecting and differentiating these small renal tumors.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 20 patients with histologically confirmed small renal oncocytoma or ccRCC.
Four-phase CT scans were evaluated, measuring relative tumor attenuation in unenhanced, corticomedullary, nephrographic, and excretory phases.
Statistical comparison using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test was performed.

Main Results:

No significant difference in tumor size between oncocytomas (mean 2.8 cm) and ccRCC (mean 2.5 cm).
The nephrographic phase showed the highest tumor-to-cortex attenuation difference for both entities.
The corticomedullary phase revealed significantly greater isodensity for oncocytomas (13.9 HU) compared to ccRCC (51.5 HU).

Conclusions:

The nephrographic phase is most reliable for detecting small renal lesions (<5 cm) due to maximal tumor-to-kidney contrast.
The corticomedullary phase is most effective for differentiating between renal oncocytomas and ccRCC.
These findings are vital for preoperative planning, especially for partial nephrectomy.