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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory neuropathy reduces pain perception,...
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Pulse Assessment Sites

Pulse assessment sites are crucial in evaluating a patient's cardiovascular health. By assessing the pulsations of arteries at specific anatomical locations, healthcare professionals can gather valuable information about blood flow, heart rate, and peripheral circulation. Understanding these pulse assessment sites is essential for conducting comprehensive cardiovascular evaluations and monitoring patients' overall health. These sites are strategically chosen due to the accessibility and...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...

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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly
08:25

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly

Published on: March 11, 2022

Metatarsalgia.

Norman Espinosa1, James W Brodsky, Ernesto Maceira

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zurich, Balgrist Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|August 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Metatarsalgia, or metatarsal pain, affects the forefoot and often involves toe deformities. While non-surgical treatments are usually effective, surgical correction requires precision for long-term success.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Podiatry
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Metatarsalgia is a common foot problem causing pain in the forefoot.
  • It is often associated with deformities of the toes and metatarsal rays.
  • Causative factors relate to gait mechanics, foot anatomy, and deformities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes and treatment of metatarsalgia.
  • To emphasize the need for individualized treatment protocols.
  • To discuss the long-term efficacy of surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on metatarsalgia.
  • Analysis of causative factors including biomechanics and anatomy.
  • Evaluation of non-surgical and surgical treatment outcomes.

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Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly
08:25

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Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
09:01

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

Main Results:

  • Metatarsalgia is frequently linked to gait, anatomy, and deformities.
  • Non-surgical management typically yields satisfactory results.
  • Metatarsal osteotomy has historically shown long-term failure rates.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized treatment is crucial for metatarsalgia.
  • Precise surgical correction is necessary when indicated.
  • Advancements in equipment and fixation may improve surgical outcomes.