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Attenuating the haptic horizontal-vertical curvature illusion.

Morton A Heller1, Anne D McClure Walk, Rita Schnarr

  • 1Department, Eastern Illinois University, Physical Sciences Building, Charleston, IL 61920, USA. maheller@eiu.edu

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Summary

Blindfolded subjects experienced a horizontal-vertical illusion with haptic curves, overestimating vertical extent. This tactile illusion was reduced by bimanual exploration at the body midline, suggesting its importance for spatial judgments.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Perception

Background:

  • The horizontal-vertical illusion (HVI) is a well-documented phenomenon in visual perception.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on visual stimuli, with less attention paid to haptic exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of the haptic horizontal-vertical illusion.
  • To explore the influence of different exploration methods (mon manual, bimanual, free exploration) on the haptic HVI.
  • To determine the role of the body midline and movement heuristics in haptic spatial perception.

Main Methods:

  • Blindfolded participants traced convex curves with equal horizontal and vertical extents.
  • Experiments varied stimulus orientation (frontal plane vs. table surface) and exploration method (single hand, two hands, free exploration at body midline).
  • Stimuli were explored using touch (haptics) and, in some conditions, vision.

Main Results:

  • A significant horizontal-vertical illusion was observed with haptic curves, where vertical extent was overestimated compared to horizontal extent.
  • The haptic HVI was stronger than the visual HVI under certain conditions.
  • Bimanual exploration at the body midline, particularly with free exploration, significantly reduced or eliminated the haptic HVI for smaller stimuli.
  • The illusion persisted, though weakened, for larger stimuli even with bimanual exploration.
  • Exploration in left and right hemispace still elicited the illusion, indicating the benefit stems from midline exploration.

Conclusions:

  • The horizontal-vertical illusion is present in haptic perception, similar to visual perception.
  • Haptic exploration at the body midline, utilizing the body as a reference, is crucial for accurate spatial judgments and mitigating the HVI.
  • Movement-based heuristics and the tactile experience of tracing curve direction may contribute to the haptic HVI.