Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Repeated Measures, Cross-Over, Carry-Over, and Latin Square Designs

Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Repeated Measures, Cross-Over, Carry-Over, and Latin Square Designs

Bioequivalence experimental study designs play a pivotal role in testing the effectiveness of various treatments. Key among these are the repeated measures, cross-over, carry-over, and Latin square designs. In the repeated measures design, each subject receives all treatments, allowing for temporal comparisons. This type of design is useful in reducing variability but requires careful planning to avoid bias.The cross-over design, an economical method, involves sequential administration of...

Response Surface Methodology

Response Surface Methodology

Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques used to develop, improve, and optimize processes. It is particularly valuable when many input variables or factors potentially influence a response variable.
The process of RSM involves several key steps:

Ratio Level of Measurement

Ratio Level of Measurement

The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of measurement. For analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
A set of data measured using the ratio scale takes care of the ratio problem and provides complete information. Ratio scale data are like interval scale data, except they have a zero point and ratios can be calculated. For...

Introduction to Scalers

Introduction to Scalers

Many familiar physical quantities can be specified completely by giving a single number and the appropriate unit. For example, "a class period lasts 50 min," or "the gas tank in my car holds 65 L," or "the distance between the two posts is 100 m." A physical quantity that can be specified completely in this manner is called a scalar quantity. The word "scalar" is a synonym for "number." Time, mass, distance, length, volume, temperature, and energy are some examples of scalar quantities.
Scalar...

Scaling

Scaling

In designing and analyzing filters, resonant circuits, or circuit analysis at large, working with standard element values like 1 ohm, 1 henry, or 1 farad can be convenient before scaling these values to more realistic figures. This approach is widely utilized by not employing realistic element values in numerous examples and problems; it simplifies mastering circuit analysis through convenient component values. The complexity of calculations is thereby reduced, with the understanding that...

Group Design

Group Design

The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between the two are due to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Detecting Rater Effects under Rating Designs with Varying Levels of Missingness.

Journal of applied measurement·2018

Same author

Estimating an Observed Score Distribution From a Cognitive Diagnostic Model.

Applied psychological measurement·2018

Same author

Differentiation of Illusory and True Halo in Writing Scores.

Educational and psychological measurement·2018

Same author

Evaluating Rater Accuracy in Rater-Mediated Assessments Using an Unfolding Model.

Educational and psychological measurement·2018

Same author

Comparison of Models and Indices for Detecting Rater Centrality.

Journal of applied measurement·2016

Same author

A Family of Rater Accuracy Models.

Journal of applied measurement·2015

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning

Published on: August 29, 2025

Equating designs and procedures used in Rasch scaling.

Gary Skaggs¹, Edward W Wolfe

¹Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, School of Education, Virginia Tech, 319 East Eggelston, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. gskaggs@vt.edu

Journal of Applied Measurement

|August 10, 2010

Summary

Statistical score equating allows interchangeable test scores, enabling applications like practice effect removal and improved test security. This article details equating methods from a Rasch measurement viewpoint.

More Related Videos

Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits

Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits

Published on: September 27, 2019

RBDT: A Computerized Task System based in Transposition for the Continuous Analysis of Relational Behavior Dynamics in Humans

RBDT: A Computerized Task System based in Transposition for the Continuous Analysis of Relational Behavior Dynamics in Humans

Published on: July 17, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning

Published on: August 29, 2025

Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits

Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits

Published on: September 27, 2019

RBDT: A Computerized Task System based in Transposition for the Continuous Analysis of Relational Behavior Dynamics in Humans

RBDT: A Computerized Task System based in Transposition for the Continuous Analysis of Relational Behavior Dynamics in Humans

Published on: July 17, 2021

Area of Science:

Psychometrics
Educational Measurement
Statistical Modeling

Background:

Test score comparability across different forms is crucial for valid interpretations.
Statistical equating is a necessary procedure for interchanging scores from different test forms.
Applications include longitudinal studies, test security, and item bank development.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize statistical equating methods from a Rasch measurement perspective.
To provide a framework for understanding and applying equating procedures.
To illustrate equating methods with practical examples.

Main Methods:

Review of equating and linking methodologies within the Rasch measurement model.
Discussion of various data collection designs relevant to equating.
Detailed explanation of equating procedures and evaluation metrics.

Main Results:

Equating, viewed through the Rasch model, offers a robust framework for score comparison.
Different equating methods are suitable for various research designs and objectives.
Evaluation of equated measures is essential for ensuring score accuracy.

Conclusions:

Rasch measurement provides a strong theoretical basis for understanding and implementing test equating.
Equating is vital for numerous applications in educational and psychological measurement.
This article serves as a guide to equating methods and their evaluation.