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Related Concept Videos

Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches
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Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches

Published on: May 6, 2015

Cellular vaccine approaches.

Dung T Le1, Drew M Pardoll, Elizabeth M Jaffee

  • 1Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans St, Bunting-Blaustein Cancer Research Building, Room 407, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA. dle@jhmi.edu

Cancer Journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
|August 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Therapeutic cancer vaccines harness the immune system to target tumors, overcoming challenges in antigen selection and delivery. Advances in cellular vaccines, like dendritic cell (DC)-based approaches, aim to enhance anti-tumor responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Therapeutic cancer vaccines leverage the adaptive immune system for targeted tumor cell destruction.
  • This approach offers specificity and avoids collateral damage associated with conventional therapies like chemotherapy.
  • Challenges include identifying tumor-specific antigens and optimizing vaccine delivery platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cellular vaccine strategies for cancer immunotherapy.
  • To discuss the complexities of antigen selection, delivery platforms, and immune stimulation.
  • To explore how understanding immune evasion by tumors can inform vaccine design.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on cellular vaccines, defined as those using whole cells or cell lysates.
  • Examines dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines for ex vivo antigen delivery.
  • Discusses in vivo platforms like GVAX, which use genetically engineered tumor cells.

Main Results:

  • Highlights the critical role of antigen selection and delivery platforms in vaccine efficacy.
  • Emphasizes the need to understand tumor-mediated immune suppression mechanisms.
  • Integrates insights on DC maturation and subset targeting for improved vaccine strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular vaccines represent a promising avenue for cancer immunotherapy.
  • Optimizing vaccine design requires a deep understanding of both immune activation and tumor evasion tactics.
  • Future strategies will likely incorporate advanced knowledge of dendritic cell biology for enhanced anti-tumor immunity.