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Associative processes in intuitive judgment.

Carey K Morewedge1, Daniel Kahneman

  • 1Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, 208 Porter Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. morewedge@cmu.edu

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|August 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

System 1, driven by associative memory, creates intuitive judgments but can lead to errors. System 2, or controlled operations, often fails to correct these faulty intuitions, causing judgment biases.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Dual-system models propose two modes of thinking: intuitive (System 1) and deliberative (System 2).
  • Errors in judgment are often attributed to System 1's faulty intuitions that System 2 fails to correct.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify System 1 with the automatic operations of associative memory.
  • To explain how associative memory features contribute to judgment biases.
  • To highlight System 1's dual role in both skilled judgment and error generation.

Main Methods:

  • Drawing on research from the priming paradigm to describe System 1 operations.
  • Analyzing key features of associative memory: associative coherence, attribute substitution, and processing fluency.

Main Results:

  • Associative memory's features (coherence, substitution, fluency) are identified as sources of intuitive judgment biases.
  • System 1 demonstrates capacity for complex and skilled judgments.
  • System 1's operations are a significant source of errors in judgment.

Conclusions:

  • System 1, operating through associative memory, is a fundamental source of both intuitive judgments and cognitive biases.
  • Understanding associative memory mechanisms is crucial for explaining judgment errors.
  • Interventions targeting System 1 or System 2's error correction are needed to improve decision-making.