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Related Concept Videos

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases01:26

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
07:36

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 1, 2015

Targeting lymphatic vessel functions through tyrosine kinases.

Steven P Williams1, Tara Karnezis, Marc G Achen

  • 1Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia. steven.stacker@petermac.org.

Journal of Angiogenesis Research
|August 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Protein tyrosine kinases regulate lymphatic vessels, impacting fluid balance and cancer spread. Inhibitors targeting these kinases offer potential for anti-lymphangiogenic therapies in diseases like cancer.

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
07:36

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Published on: May 1, 2015

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
10:49

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Published on: September 18, 2013

Blocking Lymph Flow by Suturing Afferent Lymphatic Vessels in Mice
05:59

Blocking Lymph Flow by Suturing Afferent Lymphatic Vessels in Mice

Published on: May 14, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Lymphatic vascular biology
  • Signal transduction pathways
  • Cancer metastasis

Background:

  • The lymphatic system maintains tissue fluid homeostasis, aids immune surveillance, and transports fats.
  • Lymphatic dysfunction can result from injury or be exploited by cancer for metastasis.
  • Protein tyrosine kinases are crucial for cellular signaling and behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of protein tyrosine kinases in lymphatic endothelial cell function.
  • To explore the potential of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for anti-lymphangiogenic therapy, particularly in cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on lymphatic biology and tyrosine kinase signaling.
  • Discussion of RNA interference (RNAi) screening for functional genomics in lymphatics.
  • Analysis of existing and potential tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Tyrosine kinases are integral to lymphatic vessel maintenance, growth, and function.
  • Dysregulation of tyrosine kinases contributes to pathological lymphangiogenesis.
  • RNAi screening is a valuable tool for identifying kinase functions in lymphatics.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting protein tyrosine kinases presents a promising strategy for anti-lymphangiogenic therapies.
  • Inhibitors of tyrosine kinases could be developed to combat cancer metastasis and other lymphatic-related pathologies.