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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...

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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
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Parameters of spinning AM reticles.

R G Driggers, C E Halford, G D Boreman

    Applied Optics
    |August 12, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel method uses amplitude modulation (AM) spinning reticles with graded transmission for precise target location. This approach integrates multiple AM parameters and combines them with frequency modulation (FM) parameters in a single reticle.

    Area of Science:

    • Optical engineering
    • Signal processing

    Background:

    • Spinning reticles are used for target tracking and location.
    • Amplitude modulation (AM) has been explored for reticle-based systems.
    • Previous AM reticles involved complex parameter functions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a new method for target location using AM spinning reticles.
    • To present an integrated approach for AM reticle design.
    • To explore the combination of AM and FM parameters in reticles.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing graded transmission capabilities for AM.
    • Analyzing amplitude vs. angle, amplitude vs. radius, and phase parameters.
    • Developing a general equation relating AM parameters to reticle transmission.

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    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a new method for obtaining AM for target location.
    • Showcased the integration of multiple AM parameters into a single reticle.
    • Confirmed the feasibility of combining AM and FM parameters within one reticle.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method offers a new way to achieve amplitude modulation for target location.
    • Integrated and combined AM/FM reticle designs are achievable.
    • A general equation facilitates the design and analysis of AM reticles.