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Nutritionally variant streptococci.

K L Ruoff1

  • 1Francis Blake Bacteriology Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|April 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS) are distinct species that require specific nutrients for growth. These bacteria, found in the mouth, can cause difficult-to-treat endocarditis.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS) were initially considered nutritional mutants.
  • NVS are now recognized as distinct species within the genus Streptococcus.
  • These bacteria exhibit unique growth requirements (pyridoxal or L-cysteine) and morphological characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the characteristics and clinical significance of nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS).
  • To understand the challenges associated with NVS identification and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Observational studies of NVS colony formation.
  • Characterization of NVS through enzymatic and serological analyses.
  • Isolation and identification from diverse clinical specimens.

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Main Results:

  • NVS form satellite colonies, requiring helper bacteria for initial observation.
  • NVS display pleomorphic morphologies and possess a unique cell wall chromophore.
  • NVS are implicated in endocarditis, often proving difficult to eradicate.

Conclusions:

  • NVS are distinct streptococcal species with unique nutritional needs and characteristics.
  • Their specific physiological features complicate laboratory recovery and treatment of associated infections like endocarditis.
  • Combination therapy (penicillin and aminoglycoside) is recommended for NVS endocarditis.