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Updated: Jun 10, 2026
Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
Published on: November 21, 2017
[Preoperative prewarming as a routine measure. First experiences]
A Bräuer1, R M Waeschle, D Heise
1Zentrum Anaesthesiologie, Rettungs- und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Robert-Koch-Strsse 40, 37075 Göttingen. abraeue@gwdg.de
Background:
Despite the broad application of intraoperative warming new studies still show a high incidence of perioperative hypothermia. Therefore a prewarming program in the preoperative holding area was started.
Methods:
The efficacy of the prewarming program was assessed with an accompanying quality assurance check sheet over a period of 3 months.
Results:
During the 3 month test period 127 patients were included. The median length from arrival in the holding area to beginning prewarming was 6 min and the average duration of prewarming was 46±38 min. During prewarming the core temperature rose by 0.3±0.4°C to 37.1±0.5°C and decreased to 36.3±0.5°C after induction of anesthesia. At the end of the operation the core temperature was 36.4±0.5°C and 14% of the patients were hypothermic.
Conclusion:
These data allow 2 conclusions: 1. Prewarming in the holding area is possible with a sufficient duration. 2. Prewarming is highly efficient even when performed over a relatively short duration.
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