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Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.

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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Published on: May 23, 2021

Classification of arrhythmia using hybrid networks.

Hassan H Haseena¹, Paul K Joseph, Abraham T Mathew

¹Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, M.E.S. College of Engineering, Kerala, India. haseena_hamsa@yahoo.com

Journal of Medical Systems

|August 13, 2010

Summary

This study introduces a novel method for detecting cardiac arrhythmias using a Fuzzy C-Mean (FCM) clustered Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN). This approach achieves high accuracy in classifying electrocardiogram (ECG) beats, improving patient treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Published on: May 23, 2021

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Biomedical Engineering
Signal Processing

Background:

Accurate detection of cardiac arrhythmias from Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is crucial for timely patient treatment.
Computerized interpretation of abnormal ECG rhythms is challenging due to signal noise and complex arrhythmic events.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel approach for discriminating eight types of ECG beats using a Fuzzy C-Mean (FCM) clustered Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN).
To compare the performance of FCM-clustered PNN with FCM-clustered Multi-Layered Feed Forward Network (MLFFN) for cardiac arrhythmia classification.

Main Methods:

Feature extraction using fourth-order Auto Regressive (AR) coefficients and Spectral Entropy (SE) from ECG beats.
Feature reduction performed using Fuzzy C-Mean (FCM) clustering.
Classification using FCM-clustered Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) and Multi-Layered Feed Forward Network (MLFFN).

Main Results:

The FCM-clustered PNN achieved a superior overall accuracy of 99.05% in cardiac arrhythmia classification.
The FCM-clustered MLFFN achieved an overall accuracy of 97.14%.
Analysis was conducted on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) arrhythmia database.

Conclusions:

FCM-clustered PNN demonstrates superior performance for cardiac arrhythmia classification compared to FCM-clustered MLFFN.
The proposed method offers a reliable and accurate approach for automated ECG beat discrimination.
This advancement can aid in more effective and timely diagnosis and treatment of cardiac patients.