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Is peacekeeping peaceful? A systematic review.
Jitender Sareen1, Murray B Stein, Siri Thoresen
1Psychology, and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie
|August 14, 2010
Summary
Most peacekeepers do not experience significant distress or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, high combat exposure during deployment may necessitate targeted interventions for affected service members.
Area of Science:
- Military mental health
- Peacekeeping operations research
- Psychotraumatology
Background:
- Peacekeeping missions involve complex operational environments.
- Service members deployed to peacekeeping missions may face unique stressors.
- Understanding the mental health impact of peacekeeping is crucial for troop welfare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the literature on the association between peacekeeping deployment and mental health outcomes.
- To examine the prevalence of distress, mental disorders, and suicide among peacekeepers.
- To identify factors associated with psychological distress in this population.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search across major databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Embase).
- Inclusion of peer-reviewed English publications.
- Systematic review of 68 selected articles.
Main Results:
- Some studies indicate higher levels of postdeployment distress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.
- Most studies do not show an increased risk of suicide in former peacekeepers.
- Factors influencing distress include combat exposure, deployment frequency, personality, and postdeployment stressors; perceived mission meaningfulness and social support are protective.
Conclusions:
- The majority of peacekeepers do not develop significant distress or PTSD symptoms.
- High combat exposure during deployment is a key correlate of postdeployment distress.
- Targeted interventions should be considered for peacekeepers with high combat exposure.
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