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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Dynamic Lung Tumor Tracking for Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy
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Antibody guided precision radiation therapy.

Erik D Brady1, Diane E Milenic, Martin W Brechbiel

  • 1Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room B3B69, Bethesda, MD 20892Z-1002, USA.

Discovery Medicine
|August 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology, originating from hybridoma advancements, offers targeted "magic bullet" therapies. Genetic engineering has overcome many limitations, including immune responses like human anti-murine immunoglobulin antibodies (HAMA), enhancing therapeutic potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Biotechnology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Hybridoma technology, pioneered by Kohler and Milstein, enables monoclonal antibody (mAb) production.
  • Early mouse mAbs showed therapeutic promise but faced significant clinical limitations.
  • Key challenges included immunogenicity (HAMA), poor tumor delivery, and suboptimal effector functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and challenges of monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy.
  • To highlight strategies employed to overcome limitations in mAb development.
  • To discuss advancements in addressing immunogenicity and improving therapeutic efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of hybridoma technology and early monoclonal antibody (mAb) research.
  • Analysis of pre-clinical and clinical study findings on mAb limitations.
  • Examination of genetic engineering and chemical modification techniques for mAb improvement.

Main Results:

  • Mouse mAbs faced limitations including human anti-murine immunoglobulin antibodies (HAMA), inadequate tumor targeting, and poor effector function.
  • Genetic engineering and chemical modifications have addressed many of these challenges.
  • Chimerization and humanization strategies have been successful in mitigating HAMA responses.

Conclusions:

  • Monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology has evolved significantly since its inception.
  • Engineering strategies have substantially improved the safety and efficacy of therapeutic mAbs.
  • Further advancements continue to refine mAb therapy for various diseases.