Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of low levels of arsenic in drinking water with incident urologic cancers in Washington state.

Journal of hazardous materials·2026
Same author

A systematic comparison of cavitation regimes and histotripsy efficiency across pulse duration and repetition rate in a fibrous tissue mimicking phantom.

Research square·2026
Same author

Preclinical Assessment of an Image-Guided Histotripsy System for Renal Ablation.

IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering·2026
Same author

Agreement between transurethral resection of bladder tumor and radical cystectomy pathology in patients with bladder cancer subtype histology: A retrospective cohort study.

Urologic oncology·2025
Same author

A Fully Populated Transrectal Array for Boiling Histotripsy Ablation of the Prostate.

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control·2025
Same author

Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab and Accelerated Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin in Nonurothelial Histologic Subtypes of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Phase 2 Trial.

European urology·2025
Same journal

Addressing Sexual Health in Primary Care.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Diagnosis and Management of Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Management of Concomitant Mental Health Conditions in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Nonpharmacologic Management of Insomnia Disorder in Primary Care.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Bedside Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques in Primary Care.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Mental Health at the Margins: Sexual and Gender Minority Needs in Clinical Care.

Primary care·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Urinary tract stones.

George R Schade1, Gary J Faerber

  • 1Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Primary Care
|August 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary tract stone disease affects many Americans. This review covers stone management, from diagnosis and risk factors to medical and surgical treatment options.

More Related Videos

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
06:05

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection

Published on: October 12, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
06:05

Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection

Published on: October 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Urinary tract stone disease is a prevalent urologic condition in the US.
  • Lifetime prevalence is approximately 13% for men and 7% for women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the management of urinary tract stones.
  • To discuss when urologic consultation is indicated.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiologic data.
  • Discussion of stone types, symptoms, and imaging.
  • Evaluation of metabolic factors and risk factors.
  • Overview of medical and surgical management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Comprehensive review of urinary tract stone disease management.
  • Detailed discussion on indications for surgical intervention and common procedures.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of urinary tract stones requires understanding epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment options.
  • Timely urologic consultation is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.