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A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

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Published on: January 11, 2020

[Screening for intellectual disability among adults].

Erik Søndenaa¹, Olav Linaker, Tale Gjertine Bjørgen

¹Kompetansesenteret for sikkerhets-, fengsels- og rettspsykiatri, Avdeling Brøset, St. Olavs hospital, Postboks 1803 Lade, 7440 Trondheim, Norway. erik.sondenaa@stolav.no

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke

|August 14, 2010

Summary

The Hayes Ability Screening Index (HASI) shows potential for screening intellectual disability in adults, but its high false positive rate necessitates further evaluation. A positive HASI screen requires confirmation with comprehensive assessments.

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Area of Science:

Neuropsychology
Psychometrics
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for intellectual disability interventions.
The Hayes Ability Screening Index (HASI) is evaluated as a potential screening tool.
Adult intellectual disability screening requires validated instruments.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the suitability of the HASI for screening intellectual disability in adults.
To validate the HASI against established intellectual functioning measures.

Main Methods:

The study synthesized data from three previous validation studies.
Participants included individuals referred for neuropsychological examination, prison inmates, and psychiatric outpatients.
The HASI's performance was assessed using correlation and diagnostic accuracy metrics.

Main Results:

The HASI demonstrated a strong correlation with Wechsler scales (r = 0.73, p < 0.001).
At an IQ cutoff of < 70, the HASI achieved a sensitivity of 0.97 and a specificity of 0.61.
A significant number of false positives were observed with the HASI.

Conclusions:

The HASI effectively minimizes false negatives in identifying intellectual disability.
The high rate of false positives indicates over-diagnosis, requiring caution.
Positive HASI screenings necessitate follow-up with comprehensive diagnostic assessments.