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Exploring Food-Related Coercion in Intellectual Disabilities: A Study on Challenges and Support in Norway.

Monica Røstad1, Richard Whittington1,2,3, Erik Søndenaa1,2

  • 1Department of Mental Health, Norwegian university of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.

Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
|March 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Coercion is used for food challenges in individuals with intellectual disabilities, often linked to health issues. Better support and focus on lifestyle diseases are needed to reduce its use.

Keywords:
coercionexecutive skillsfood related challengesintellectual disabilitymunicipal servicesnutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Intellectual Disabilities Research
  • Public Health Policy
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Coercion is employed to manage significant food-related challenges among individuals with intellectual disabilities in Norway.
  • Limited information exists on the specifics of food-related coercion compared to non-food coercion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate food-related coercion from non-food coercion.
  • To document challenges and support methods associated with food-related coercion.
  • To enhance understanding and potentially reduce the use of coercion.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative cross-sectional analysis of 120 coercive decisions from 2020 (44 food-related, 76 non-food-related).
  • Cohort-longitudinal analysis tracking 44 individuals subjected to food-related coercion from 2018 to 2021.
  • Analysis of decision documents to identify characteristics and trends.

Main Results:

  • Food-related coercion was associated with overweight, gastrointestinal issues, and general somatic health problems.
  • Individuals subjected to food-related coercion were older on average.
  • Distinction noted between challenges in food consumption versus food management; limited support from healthcare professionals was observed.

Conclusions:

  • A need exists for enhanced expertise in health and lifestyle diseases within intellectual disability services.
  • Lack of follow-up from general practitioners and dietitians highlights a significant support gap for obesity and eating challenges.
  • Current legislation may inadvertently focus on behavioral aspects, overshadowing the management of underlying lifestyle diseases.