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Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere

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Infrared continuum water vapor absorption coefficients derived from satellite data.

|August 14, 2010

Summary

Water vapor continuum absorption coefficients in the 8-13 micrometer spectral region are compared. New experimental data suggest coefficients are higher than previously estimated, especially at colder temperatures.

Area of Science:

Atmospheric Science
Radiative Transfer
Spectroscopy

Background:

Water vapor continuum absorption is crucial for atmospheric radiative transfer models.
Previous studies and atmospheric codes (HITRAN, LOWTRAN-7, LOWTRAN-6) show variations in water vapor absorption coefficients.
Discrepancies exist between different experimental measurement techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically review and compare experimental measurements of water vapor continuum absorption coefficients in the 8-13 micrometer spectral region.
To investigate the temperature dependence of these absorption coefficients.
To reconcile differences between various experimental techniques and atmospheric models.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on ground-based techniques for measuring water vapor absorption coefficients.

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Description of a novel experimental method using satellite-measured infrared radiances and sea surface temperature data.

Comparison of experimental results with absorption coefficients used in atmospheric transmission codes (HITRAN, LOWTRAN-7, LOWTRAN-6).

Main Results:

Grant's review indicated HITRAN and LOWTRAN-7 coefficients align with measurements, approximately 20% lower than LOWTRAN-6.
A new method suggests coefficients are 20-40% larger than LOWTRAN-6.
Reconciliation requires a stronger negative temperature dependence, increasing coefficients significantly below 270 K.

Conclusions:

Discrepancies among measurement techniques highlight the need for accurate water vapor continuum absorption coefficients.
A stronger negative temperature dependence is essential for agreement between different experimental methods.
The findings impact the accuracy of atmospheric radiative transfer models, particularly in cold conditions.