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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Longitudinal Intravital Imaging of Brain Tumor Cell Behavior in Response to an Invasive Surgical Biopsy

Longitudinal Intravital Imaging of Brain Tumor Cell Behavior in Response to an Invasive Surgical Biopsy

Published on: May 3, 2019

Advanced imaging in brain tumor surgery.

Robert J Young¹, Nicole Brennan, Justin F Fraser

¹Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America

|August 17, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced imaging techniques like functional MRI and diffusion tractography are slowly integrating into neurosurgery. Further validation and standardization are needed for wider adoption in surgical planning and practice.

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Area of Science:

Neurosurgery
Medical Imaging
Radiology

Background:

Advanced imaging techniques are not yet standard in surgical practice.
Neurosurgery requires high accuracy, leading to conservative decision-making.
Surgeons' comfort with functional imaging is growing with more validation.

Purpose of the Study:

To present advanced imaging methods used in neurosurgical planning.
To discuss the impact of these techniques on pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative decisions.
To highlight the need for collaboration between neurosurgeons and other specialists.

Main Methods:

Review of advanced imaging techniques including functional MR imaging, diffusion tractography, and intraoperative MR imaging.
Discussion of the integration of these techniques into neurosurgical workflows.
Analysis of factors limiting widespread adoption.

Main Results:

Advanced imaging complements traditional surgical practices like anatomic planning and electrocortical stimulation.
These techniques can influence neurosurgical decisions at all stages of patient care.
Limited adoption is due to a lack of standardization, need for multi-institutional validation, and unclear cost-effectiveness.

Conclusions:

Neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists must understand the strengths, weaknesses, and failure modes of advanced imaging techniques.
Wider adoption requires addressing standardization, validation, and cost-effectiveness.
Collaboration with physicists, engineers, and scientists is crucial for therapeutic application.