Thalassemia as a global health problem: recent progress toward its control in the developing countries

Area of Science:

• * Hematology
• * Genetic Disorders
• * Public Health

Background:

• * Thalassemias and sickle cell anemia are the most prevalent monogenic diseases globally.
• * High incidence in developing countries is compounded by limited resources and awareness.
• * Management and control efforts are hindered by a lack of data and governmental support.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To assess the current status of thalassemia and sickle cell disease control in developing countries.
• * To examine challenges in managing these genetic disorders in resource-limited settings.
• * To identify potential strategies for improving care and reducing disease burden.

Main Methods:

• * Review of existing literature and data on thalassemia and sickle cell disease prevalence.
• * Analysis of management and control programs in developing countries.
• * Assessment of healthcare infrastructure and governmental policies related to genetic blood disorders.

Main Results:

• * Significant disparities exist in the control and management of these diseases between developed and developing nations.
• * Developing countries face substantial obstacles including lack of awareness, inadequate services, and insufficient government backing.
• * Limited progress has been made in controlling birth rates of affected infants and providing care since the 1960s.

Conclusions:

• * Urgent, targeted interventions are needed to improve the outlook for children with thalassemia and sickle cell disease in poorer countries.
• * Enhanced governmental and international support is crucial for effective disease management and control.
• * Future strategies should focus on increasing knowledge, improving healthcare services, and implementing robust control programs.