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Updated: Jun 10, 2026
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A Preterm Rat Model for Pain Studies
Published on: February 9, 2024
The premature infant pain profile: evaluation 13 years after development
Bonnie Stevens1, Céleste Johnston, Anna Taddio
1Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
The Clinical Journal of Pain
|August 19, 2010
Summary
The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) is a reliable and valid tool for assessing infant pain. Evidence supports its use in evaluating pain management strategies, though more research is needed on feasibility and clinical utility.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal care
- Pain assessment
- Evidence-based practice
Background:
- Effective pain assessment in premature infants is crucial for optimal care.
- The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) has been utilized since 1996.
- Evaluating the PIPP's psychometric properties and application is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the reliability, validation, feasibility, and clinical utility of the PIPP.
- To assess the use of the PIPP in evaluating pain management strategies from 1996 to 2009.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies from multiple databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science).
- Inclusion of studies evaluating PIPP's measurement properties and intervention studies using PIPP as an outcome.
- Data extraction and methodological quality assessment by multiple reviewers.
Main Results:
- 62 studies were included; 14 focused on PIPP's measurement properties.
- Reliability supported in 5 studies; construct validation in 13 studies.
- PIPP is used as a key outcome in high-quality studies evaluating infant pain interventions.
Conclusions:
- The PIPP is a reliable and valid measure for acute infant pain.
- Strong evidence supports PIPP's use in infant pain intervention studies.
- Further research is needed to enhance understanding of PIPP's feasibility and clinical utility.
