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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
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Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
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IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...

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Refraction in interferometric tomography.

Y A Andrienko, M S Dubovikov, A D Gladun

    Applied Optics
    |August 21, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study proposes a perturbation approach to solve phase object tomography problems for objects with moderate asymmetry or weak refraction. Numerical simulations confirmed the validity of these new tomographic solutions.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Image Reconstruction
    • Computational Physics

    Background:

    • Tomographic reconstruction is crucial for analyzing phase objects.
    • Strong refraction and asymmetry pose challenges for traditional methods.
    • Perturbation methods offer a potential solution for complex object imaging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop novel solutions for phase object tomography.
    • To address limitations posed by strong refraction and asymmetry.
    • To validate the proposed methods through numerical simulations.

    Main Methods:

    • Application of a perturbation approach to phase object tomography.
    • Mathematical modeling of tomographic reconstruction for refracting objects.
    • Numerical simulation of tomographic experiments to test proposed solutions.

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    Main Results:

    • Successfully derived solutions for tomographic problems involving strongly refracting and asymmetric phase objects.
    • Demonstrated the efficacy of the perturbation approach in handling these challenging cases.
    • Validated the accuracy and reliability of the proposed methods via numerical experiments.

    Conclusions:

    • The perturbation approach provides a viable method for phase object tomography.
    • The developed solutions are effective for objects with moderate asymmetry and not-too-strong refraction.
    • Numerical simulations support the practical applicability of the proposed tomographic techniques.