Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...
Humoral Immune Responses01:36

Humoral Immune Responses

Overview
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Selective Depletion of Autoreactive Plasma Cells as a Novel Strategy to Treat Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Myasthenia Gravis.

European journal of immunology·2026
Same author

Increased Type I Interferon Activity with Concurrent Plasmablast Expansion Identifies Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Poor Outcomes.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Daratumumab in systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-arm phase 2 trial.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Methylomes of human CD4 and CD8 memory T lymphocytes reveal tissue-specific epigenetic signatures for maintenance and recall function.

Immunity & inflammation·2025
Same author

Distinct autoreactive CD19<sup>-</sup> plasma cell subsets accumulate in lupus-prone mice.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Correction: Groffmann et al. Identification of a New and Effective Marker Combination for a Standardized and Automated Bin-Based Basophil Activation Test (BAT) Analysis. <i>Diagnostics</i> 2024, <i>14</i>, 1959.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same journal

Diversity, Equality, and Inclusion in the naïve T Cell Receptor Repertoire.

Immunological reviews·2026
Same journal

Macrophage Plasticity and Immune Remodeling in Ischemic Heart Failure.

Immunological reviews·2026
Same journal

The T Cell Receptor: Molecular Sensor, Therapeutic Mediator and Probabilistic Driver of Adaptive Immunity.

Immunological reviews·2026
Same journal

Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in the Heart: An Emerging Role in Chronic Inflammation.

Immunological reviews·2026
Same journal

Rethinking Immunity in Tissues: The Biology of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures.

Immunological reviews·2026
Same journal

Inflammation-Driven Lymphoid Structures: Organization, Function, and Clinical Impact Across Autoimmunity, Cancer, and Checkpoint Toxicity.

Immunological reviews·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells
10:26

In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells

Published on: January 20, 2019

Memory B and memory plasma cells.

Taketoshi Yoshida1, Henrik Mei, Thomas Dörner

  • 1Charité Centre 12, Clinic for Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Immunological Reviews
|August 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunological memory, crucial for vaccination, involves memory B cells and recently identified memory plasma cells. Understanding these cells

More Related Videos

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity
08:26

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity

Published on: December 14, 2016

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development
08:25

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development

Published on: January 22, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells
10:26

In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells

Published on: January 20, 2019

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity
08:26

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity

Published on: December 14, 2016

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development
08:25

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development

Published on: January 22, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Vaccination leverages the immune system's ability to remember past pathogen encounters for infection control.
  • The precise mechanisms and cell types underlying immunological memory remain subjects of ongoing scientific debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of memory B cells, their maintenance signals, and their function in secondary immune responses.
  • To discuss the recent discovery and characteristics of memory plasma cells and their role in long-term antibody secretion.
  • To explore the implications of 'resting memory' concepts, where stromal cells organize memory cells in antigen-absent niches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature and current research concepts on immunological memory.
  • Analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms governing memory B and plasma cell maintenance and function.

Main Results:

  • Memory B cells play a key role in enhanced secondary immune responses.
  • Memory plasma cells, capable of lifelong antibody secretion, have been recently characterized.
  • The concept of 'resting memory' highlights the role of stromal niches and cells in memory cell organization and survival.

Conclusions:

  • Memory B and plasma cells are critical in autoimmunity and chronic inflammation, often resisting conventional therapies.
  • Targeting these cells in disease requires a detailed molecular understanding of their unique lifestyle and survival strategies.