Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 10, 2026
07:09
A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
Published on: February 18, 2022
Treatment of heart failure with normal ejection fraction
Evandro Tinoco Mesquita1, Antonio José Lagoeiro Jorge
1Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil. etmesquita@gmail.com
Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia
|August 24, 2010
Summary
Heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) lacks definitive treatment studies, unlike HFREF. This review examines current evidence and future drug therapies for HFNEF, a condition common in women and the elderly.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) lacks proven treatment strategies, contrasting with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF).
- HFNEF disproportionately affects women and the elderly, often co-occurring with multiple comorbidities.
- Current Brazilian guidelines for heart failure lack specific recommendations for HFNEF, relying on general measures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review scientific evidence from recent clinical trials in HFNEF.
- To explore future perspectives and novel pharmacological treatments for HFNEF.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of recent clinical trials focusing on HFNEF.
- Analysis of current treatment recommendations and their applicability to HFNEF.
Main Results:
- No treatment study has yet shown definitive results for HFNEF.
- Control of arterial hypertension and fluid overload are recognized as important management strategies.
- Evidence from recent trials and emerging therapies are discussed.
Conclusions:
- Optimal treatment for HFNEF remains undefined.
- Further research and specific guidelines are needed for effective HFNEF management.
- Future perspectives include the development of new medications tailored for HFNEF.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Heart Failure V: Medical Management
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
01:22Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
01:30Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
01:30Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...