Can the reliability of three-dimensional running kinematics be improved using functional joint methodology?

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Human Movement Analysis
• Orthopedics

Background:

• Traditional 3D gait analysis relies on manual palpation for joint parameter identification, impacting kinematic reliability.
• Functional methods aim to enhance the reliability and validity of joint kinematic parameter measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the between-day reliability of a functional method versus a traditional manual marker placement technique for 3D lower extremity kinematics during running.
• To test the hypothesis that functional techniques yield superior within- and between-tester reliability.

Main Methods:

• Utilized an eight-camera motion analysis system to capture 3D lower extremity kinematics during running.
• Evaluated both functional and manual marker placement techniques.
• Assessed kinematic curve reliability (shape, amplitude, offset) using coefficient of multiple correlation, range of motion, and root mean square error.

Main Results:

• The functional joint methodology did not demonstrate improved within- or between-tester reliability compared to the manual marker placement technique.
• No significant differences were observed in kinematic curve shape, amplitude, or offset between the two methods.

Conclusions:

• Functional methods may not offer superior day-to-day reliability for 3D gait kinematics over traditional marker placement in specific conditions.
• Reliability may be influenced by examiner experience and subject characteristics (e.g., lean physique).