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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Transaxillary First Rib Resection for Treatment of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
06:57

Transaxillary First Rib Resection for Treatment of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Published on: September 13, 2020

Cervical rib with stroke as the initial presentation.

Sandeep Sharma1, Subhash Kumar, Leve Joseph

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, AIIMS, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110 029, India. drsharma_sandeep@yahoo.com

Neurology India
|August 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cervical ribs rarely cause symptoms, but in this case, a young boy experienced a stroke. This rare presentation highlights a potential link between cervical ribs and cerebral ischemia in young patients.

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Transaxillary First Rib Resection for Treatment of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
06:57

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Published on: September 13, 2020

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Cervical ribs are rare anatomical variations.
  • Symptomatic cervical ribs typically manifest with upper limb issues.
  • Cerebral ischemia secondary to cervical ribs is exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

  • A young male patient presented with an acute stroke.
  • Diagnostic angiography revealed a right-sided cervical rib.
  • The cervical rib caused stenosis and post-stenotic dilatation of the right subclavian artery.

Findings:

  • Abduction angiography demonstrated complete occlusion of the right subclavian artery with collateral circulation.
  • Carotid angiography indicated thromboembolic events in the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory.
  • This case suggests a direct link between the cervical rib, subclavian artery compromise, and embolic stroke.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering cervical ribs in the etiology of stroke, even in young patients without prior upper limb symptoms.
  • Early diagnosis and management of cervical rib-associated vascular compromise may prevent recurrent thromboembolic events.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms and prevalence of cervical rib-induced cerebral ischemia.