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The pharmacokinetics of cefodizime in children
A Boccazzi1, G Fusi, A M Mezzopane
1First Pediatric Department, Milan University, Italy.
Insights
This study examined the pharmacokinetics of cefodizime in children. Cefodizime demonstrated predictable pharmacokinetic behavior in pediatric patients, similar to other cephalosporins.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Pediatric Medicine
- Drug Metabolism
Background:
- Cefodizime is an antibiotic used in treating bacterial infections.
- Understanding its pharmacokinetic profile in children is crucial for safe and effective dosing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the single-dose pharmacokinetics of cefodizime in hospitalized children.
- To compare intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration routes.
Main Methods:
- Ten children (2-15 years) received a single dose of cefodizime (25 mg/kg) via IV or IM route.
- Blood and urine samples were collected up to 12 hours post-dose.
- Cefodizime concentrations were measured using microbiological assay; pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a two-compartment open model.
Main Results:
- Peak serum concentrations were higher with IV administration (131 mg/l at 15 min) compared to IM (54.8 mg/l at 60 min).
- Mean elimination half-life (T1/2 beta) was approximately 1.9 hours for both routes.
- Cumulative urinary excretion was high (78-87% of the dose) within 12 hours after IV administration.
Conclusions:
- Cefodizime exhibits pharmacokinetic properties in children that are comparable to other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- The drug is well-tolerated and effectively eliminated via renal excretion in the pediatric population.
Abstract:
The single-dose pharmacokinetics of cefodizime were studied in ten hospitalized children aged between two and 15 years and weighing 12.5-26.2 kg. Six subjects received the drug (25 mg/kg) im and four received it iv. Cefodizime concentrations in blood and urine (iv dosage only) sampled up to 12h post dose were measured by microbiological assay and pharmacokinetic parameters were derived on the basis of a two-compartment open model. Peak serum concentrations were 131 +/- 22.7 mg/l (15 min post iv dose) and 54.8 +/- 17.8 mg/l (60 min post im dose). Mean T1/2 beta were 1.9 +/- 0.13 h (iv) and 1.88 +/- 0.25 h (im). Mean AUCs were 217.2 +/- 37.9 mg.h/l (iv) and 150.85 +/- 22.98 mg.h/l (im). Mean volumes of distribution were 7.6 +/- 2.5 l (iv) and 7.9 +/- 1.41 (im). Twelve hours after the iv administration the cumulative urinary excretion was 78-87% of the dose. The pharmacokinetic behaviour of cefodizime in children is thus similar to that of other compounds in this class.